The last U.S. President not associated with either the Democratic or Republican Party was Millard Fillmore, not Andrew Johnson, Calvin Coolidge, or Ulysses S. Grant. Fillmore, the 13th President of the United States, assumed office after the death of President Zachary Taylor in 1850. He was a member of the Whig Party but later became the last President from that party, which dissolved in the 1850s. Despite efforts to build the Know Nothing Party, Fillmore’s presidency marked the end of an era for the Whigs, and he did not affiliate with either the Democrats or Republicans during his time in office. Andrew Johnson, Calvin Coolidge, and Ulysses S. Grant were all affiliated with either the Democratic or Republican Party during their presidencies.
https://dpengertian.blogspot.com/2024/09/which-last-us-president-not-associated.html
https://www.tumblr.com/artikata1-blog/760958373746327552/which-last-us-president-not-associated-with
https://x.com/elbirtus/status/1832371810014523574
https://www.threads.net/@beliproduk.official/post/C_nQLwrvRze